Water Pollution And Its Impacts On Water Body - 1682 Words

1.1 Back Ground Among all natural resource, water is one of the most important to sustain the living planet, earth and every form of life on its face, including human being. It is an integral part of human’s activities including domestic, agriculture, transport, industry, power generation and recreation. Moreover, the normal uses of human body depends entirely on adequate quantity and quality of water. But pure water does not exist by default in its quality due to natural interaction among the earth’s subsystems, especially anthropogenic activity around urban area . Water pollution is the state of change in the natural physical, chemical, biological, bacteriological and radiological properties of water that causes in an impairment of its inherent (Susan Joy 1998) .Many investigation were carried out by many researchers and organization over past year to assess the source of pollution and its impacts on water body. Among the source of pollution the major pollution from Nonpoint source (NPS) was urban runoff and it has been established as a major cause of receiving water degradation ( VASSILIOS A. TSIHRINTZIS and RIZWAN TSIHRINTZIS , 1997)) and additionally USEPA stated that urban storm water runoff in the U.S.A. is the fourth most extensive cause of water quality impairment of rivers, and the third most extensive source of water quality impairment of lakes regardless of 1988 report to the Congress, (EPAUS, 1999) Storm water runoff is water that runs off imperviousShow MoreRelatedAquatic Ecology : The Science Of Ecology1555 Words   |  7 PagesAquatic ecology is the science of ecology which concentrates on the study of aquatic ecosystems. This field can be broken out into two divisions: freshwater and marine ecology. Understanding aquatic ecosystems is critical since water is the building block to the survival of all life on earth. Aquatic ecology includes the study of aquatic environments including oceans, lakes, ponds, wetlands, rivers, and streams. Every organism needs energy to live, grow and reproduce. In aquatic ecology, biologistsRead MoreThe Effects Of Indiana s Activities Impacting Ocean Life Through Nutrient And Sediment Pollution1227 Words   |  5 Pagesthrough nutrient and sediment pollution. There is a multifarious number of reasons that could affect ocean life, even in Indiana, which one will discuss throughout this report. One will describe sediment runoff, the manageme nt of pollution, and even soil erosion. All of these interesting topics lead to the reason Indiana has a slight but affective impact on the ocean. 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It is easy for wildlife to swallow and eventually causes death. * Over 1.5 billion tons of plastic water bottles end up in US landfills each year. It takes over 300 years to degradeRead MoreThe Effects Of Water Pollution On Environment And The Environment1450 Words   |  6 PagesPollution is defined as the contamination of air, water, or soil by substances that are harmful to living organisms. Excessive levels of pollution are causing a lot of damage to plants, and human and animal health, This is a major problem in the environment today; pollution effects are certainly prominent in todays world. Without realizing it we as humans contribute to the waste and contamination to both our bodies and the environment around us. In addition there are also many other causes toRead MoreThe Pollution of East Kazakhstan796 Words   |  3 PagesKazakhstan.The reason this pollution is air pollution,smoke which go out from factory. The main role in pollution of the city belongs to anthropogenic sources . 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Walter Lee´s Evolution in A Raisin In the Sun by Lorraine...

In many works of literature, some characters change and grow while others remain the same. A character who changes is known as a dynamic character. In the novel A Raisin In the Sun by Lorraine Hansberry, the main character, Walter Lee Younger, is an example of a dynamic character. Walter lives with his wife Ruth, his sister Beneatha, his son Travis, and his mother Lena in a small, one family apartment in the southside of Chicago. The black Younger family lived in a time period between 1945 and 1959 when black segregation was starting to become more recognized. They are barely making it through life moneywise and the family seems to be becoming weaker. Walter is an example of a dynamic character because his character evolves throughout the novel by changing from a selfless, caring, family man to a very selfish person, only looking out for himself. Walters idea of an â€Å"american dream† is to have everything. He wants his family to have the best of everything. Walter works h ard everyday as a chauffeur for a rich white man. He has strong work ethics and works extremely hard. Mr. Younger wants to earn as much money as he can because he believes it will bring his family peacefulness and happiness. Mr. Younger’s main goal is to have money and he dreams up so many different ways to make money that he is sometimes overwhelms himself. He doesn’t want to think about reality and how things really are. He only concentrates on the future. Even though he knows in the back of

Indo-Burma Forests Free Essays

Forestry â€Å"Indo-Burma Forests† Forests, some of the most essential ecosystems in the world, house about forty to seventy-five percent all plants and animals globally. Unfortunately, the amount of biodiversity in forests is severely at risk due to the increasing deforestation over the past four decades. It is estimated in the biological community that approximately 50,000 species are completely wiped out annually as a result of arbitration, land clearance, logging, and other human techniques. We will write a custom essay sample on Indo-Burma Forests or any similar topic only for you Order Now Dry. Edward Wilson, a Harvard professor, predicts that half of all of earth’s species could be extinct in about 50 years, unless the deforestation rate decreases. In 2011, Conservation International (also known as C’) conducted a study of the top ten most endangered forests in the world (half of them located Asia-Pacific Region). Of the ten, the Indo-Burma forests were deemed the number one most endangered forest. Encompassing approximately 2,373,000 km, the forests spreads from eastern India to Southern china. The Indo- Burma forests are considered to be one of 34 â€Å"biodiversity hotshots,† a term coined y Norman Myers (a British biologist), which is a biographic landscape characterized by outstanding levels of habitat loss and plant endemics. Over ninety- five percent of the region’s forests have been destroyed, which leaves only about five percent of the original forest area still standing; therefore, the Indo-Burma forests are the most vulnerable forests globally. The Indo-Burma forests are positioned in the midst of floodplains, lakes, and rivers. These various waterways give off life and prosperity, allowing richness in biodiversity as well as resources. This region is home oh number of the largest freshwater fish, bird, and turtle species. There is also, an assortment of ecosystems embodied in this hotshot, comprising of dry evergreen, wet evergreen, and deciduous forests. There are also several patches of woodlands and scrubbings on karts limestone ridges, some in costal lands as well as dispersed heath forests. Additionally, a broad range of distinct, restricted vegetation developments, including seasonally flooded grasslands, lowland floodplain swamps, and mangroves. This vast biological diversity is a result of topographical interaction, soil hegemonies, climate change, and seasonal rainfall patterns. The plant species are abundantly diverse with 13,500 vascular plants estimated with about half of them being endemic. The flora of forests range from a variety of ginger and orchids (over 1,000 different orchid species found in Thailand alone) to tropical hardwood trees including Disintegrations (teak) and Dipterous (which happens to be commercially valuable). The animal species are even more widespread as Indo-Burma is continually unmasking biological treasures. In the last twelve years, [the following] six age mammals have been discovered: The Salon, the Inanimate Mountain, the Large- Antlered Mountain, the Leaf Deer, the Grey Swanked Doc, and the Inanimate Rabbit. There are approximately 430 mammal species residing in the region; over seventy species and seven types are endemic. Over 280 amphibian species are found in the hotshot, but there is not high level of endemics outside of the genus level. The region has noteworthy freshwater fish creatures; there are over 1,260 recognized species (about 10% of the world’s total freshwater fish). There are more than 1,260 bird species with over 60 being endemic. The floodplain wetlands and the rivers are absolutely essential for bird species conservation since population numbers have declined due to human expansion and hunting. The reptile population is one of the more prevalent species of the region. Almost 520 species of reptile reside there which more than 200 species being endemic and twelve genera. This Indo-Burma hotshot carries perhaps the largest assortment of freshwater turtles globally; there are exactly 53 species (57 including tortoises), signifying 20% of the world’s species. A popular species is the Chitchatted, a striped narrow-headed turtle with a soft-shell, which can grow up to about 120 centimeters. These species are decreases in number as well, mostly due to the overexploitation on behalf of wildlife trade. Of the 22 non- marine turtle species that are endangered, almost half of them are found in the Indo- Burma region. Other prominent reptiles include the Ellipsis butterfly lizard, the Chinese crocodile lizard, and the Siamese crocodile. Humans have greatly impacted life for the animals, however, and the overall environment. Indo-Burma was actually one of the primary lands used by humans in the development of agriculture; Hereford, fire has been used more and more over the years to clear out land needed to fit agricultural needs and other human demands. As demand for agricultural goods has skyrocketed over the past years due to population and market expansion, forest destruction became widespread. Huge areas of lowland forests soon became replaced with tree plantations (oil palm, teak, and rubber), while hill forests and Montana were threatened by sugarcane, coffee, tea, and vegetable crop plantations. In addition to plantations, forests become endangered by mining for ores and gems, firewood collection, charcoal production, and logging. The marine ecosystem simultaneously became under great pressure in many areas due to development. Draining for the cultivation of wet rice has damaged freshwater wetlands and floodplain swamps (mainly in Vietnam, Thailand, and Manner). The damming of rivers have also become way more prevalent in efforts to generate electricity and maximize water storage to support the economic growth of the country as well as for exportation of goods and services to bordering countries to increase foreign exchange income; regrettably, damming a river not only converts that small body of eater into a large pond, but it decreases the oxygen content and overall temperature, as well as in amplifies water turbidity down the river and river-bed erosion. The operational measures of the reservoir has resulted in sporadic or frequent flooding of sandbanks, stretches of channel assortment, sandbars, and other territory that is generally uncovered during dry season [severely impacting turtle species and nesting birds]. Mangroves in the region have been transformed to aquaculture ponds, while mudflats have been comprehensively afforested with mangrove or shed by piles of nets, which greatly effects their significance as a feeding habitat for migrating birds and other specimen. Furthermore, ecosystems of sand dunes are in severe danger due to forestation, and overfeeding along with excessive use of [destructive] fishing methods have produced a considerable problem with both the offshore and coastal aquatic ecosystems. Being that only 5% of natural habitats are left in a pristine state and 10%-25% of damaged land due to habitat loss and exploitation of resources, something had to be done to decrease the probability of omelet extinction of the forests. In the Indo-Burma hotshot, protected area structures have become the foundation of government conservation program. There is officially 236,000 km of land protected, representing nearly ten percent of the original amount of vegetation in the region. Conversely, only 132,000 km (almost six percent) is in the International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (ICON) protected area categories one to four. Together, the countries of Lower Mekong (Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam, and Ala P. D. R. ) have above 13 percent f their territory contained by an arrangement of protected areas. A fine approach to ensuring that the system of protected areas effectively preserves representative biodiversity is by securing the species that face the greatest danger of extinction globally. Endangered species worldwide are shielded best by targeting preservation investment to the sites in which they are prevalent; these areas are known as â€Å"key biodiversity areas† (Kbps). More efforts towards the conservation of the Indo-Burma forests are currently in the making and there are many organizations and individuals that are eager to contribute. How to cite Indo-Burma Forests, Papers

The Summary of the Myth of Photographic Truth free essay sample

In the book â€Å"Practices of Looking: An Introduction to Visual Culture† written by Marita Sturken and Lisa Cartwright, the myth of photographic truth is addressed. Sturken and Cartwright stated that â€Å"photography[†¦] was developed in Europe during the mid-nineteenth century, when concepts of positivist science held sway† (Sturken and Cartwright 17). We will write a custom essay sample on The Summary of the Myth of Photographic Truth or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Positivism is a philosophy deems that â€Å"scientific knowledge is the only authentic knowledge and concerns itself with truth about the world† (Sturken and Cartwright 17). This philosophy suggests that machines are more dependable than humans that they can record reality more precisely. â€Å"There have been many arguments for and against the idea that photographs are objective renderings of the real world† (Sturken and Cartwright 17). Some argue that cameras present the world in a subjective human point of view; some argue that photographs reflect the the real word directly. The French theorist Roland Barthes says â€Å"[a] photograph, unlike a drawing, offers an unprecedented conjunction between what is here now (the image) and what was there then (the referent, or object, thing, or place)† (Sturken and Cartwright 17). He thinks photograph has the role of studium and he also thinks the truth of photographic is a myth. To him, truth is â€Å"always culturally inflected, never pure and uninfluenced by contextual factors† (Sturken and Cartwright 18). Photographs have deep emotional connection to the objects around us which can be ones we like or dislike. Although we know that images can be modified easily, they still lie in the belief of objectivity. â€Å"Trolley-New Orleans (1995)†, is a black and white photograph taken by Robert Frank, portraits a group of people on a trolley in New Orleans. Sturken and Cartwright suggest that â€Å"a white matron [looks] suspicious, a white boy in his Sunday best, a black man looking mournful† (Sturken and Cartwright 19) in the photograph. Some suggest that this photograph has a connotation of segregation in American going through change. Sturken and Cartwright believes â€Å"the faces of the passengers each look outward with different expressions, responding in different ways to their lives, their journey† (Sturken and Cartwright 19). In conclusion, Sturken and Cartwright state that Roland Barthes believes a photograph has both denotative, which means literal; and connotative, which means symbolic, meanings.